Improvement in rotary engines and fuwips



3 Sheets--Sheet 1.'

J. HARRIS. Improvement in Rotary-Engines and Pumps. N0. 132,829.Patented Nov.5,1872. ,f/ F/GJ Iwenar Z kan @gnam/www? v mlm@ 3Sheets--Sheet 2'.

1. HARRIS. Improvement in Rotary-Engines and Pumps. No. 132,829, 6.4,Patented N0v.5,1872.

.9- Q e i U e f a. i fwm l I www I SSheets-She'etQ J. HARRIS.Improvement in Rotary-Engines and Pumps.

N0'l 132,829, m' Patented N0v.5,1872.

@W Ww JOHN HARRIS, OF MONTREAL, CANADA.

IMPROVEMENT lN ROTARY ENGlNES` AND PUMPS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 132,829, dated November5, 1872.

To all whom it may concern:

' Be it known that I, J oHN HARRIS, of the city of Montreal, in thedistrict of Montreal, in the Province ot' Quebec, Canada, gentleman,have invented new and useful Improvements on the Construction andArrangement of Tangential Rotary Pumps and Engines;

, and I do hereby declare that the following-is a full, clear. and exactdescription of the construction and operation of the same, referencebeing had to the annexed drawing, where- Figure l represents a sectionalelevation of pump or engine on line A A, Figs. 3 and 4. Fig. 2represents a sectional elevation of pump or engine on line B B, Figs. 3and 4. Fig. 3

represents a sectional elevation of pump or engine on line C C, Figs. 1and 2. Fig. 4represents an elevation ot pump or engine. Fig. 5represents an enlarged sectional elevation online D D, Figs. 1 and 2.Fig. 6 represents an enlarged sectional elevation on line E E, Figs. 1and 2. Fig. 7 represents a section on line F F, Fig. 5. Fig. 8representsa section on line G G, Fig. 5. Fig. 9 represents a section ofmodification of pump or engine. Fig.

A10 represents a section of modification of pump or engine. Fig. l1represents a section of modication for water-en gine on line H H, Figs.12 and 13'. Fig, 12 represents a section of modication for water-engineon line I I, Fig. ll. Fig. 13 represents an elevation of modificationfor water-en gine.

My invention may be considered as divided into two parts-one (l) theapplication to the purposes for which a pump is employed, and the other(2) the application to thc uses to which awater-engine is -or may beapplied.

y .It consists, principally, in the manner in which the water iscontrolled and acted upon, and

.conducted to and from the machine, so as in the first case (l) to applythe mechanical force of the machine most effectively to the water, andin the other (2) to abstract the m0- mentuin and mechanica-l force fromthe water Abythe machine, in both cases allowing the water to iiowcontinuously in the same direction throughout the operation, so asneither to unnecessarily obstruct nor impede the water .in receiving orimparting the full mechanical effect.

. In the ordinary kinds of rotary pumps, and in all kinds ofturbine-wheels, the water is brought to the machine at right angles tothe direction in which'it is thereby compelled to dow; consequently thecontinuous motion and momentum of thewater are destroyed,andaloss ofmech anical effect occasioned; and also lwhere the' water is supplied ator from near the center and discharged from the circumference, as in theordinary centrifugal pump, the quantity and velocity ot' the water beinggreater near the circumference than near the center, the supply isnecessarily inadequate, and the due discharge ofthe water is therebyimpeded and lessened. In my invention, however, the Water is in bothcases (l and 2) brought to and. discharged from the machine tangentiallyto the direction in which it ilows or is compelled to flow, and also thesupply is furnished at a distance from the center almost as great as thedistance at which the discharge takes place. This is done by shaping thecircular casing so as to form therein two chambers or passages, one ofthem at the periphery ot' the casing being precisely similar tothechamber or passage into which the Water is discharged in that forniot' rotary pump known as Gwynnes centrifugal pump:77 Beginning shallow,the chamber continually increases in depth until, arriving at that partof the circumference from which it started, its area becomes equal to orgreater than the area of the pipe which enters it at that point, and ofwhich it forms a continuation. The inner side of this chamber or passagebeing circular, the outer side forms that curve known as a lspiral orhelix. The second or inner chamber or passa-'ge is formed in the casingnear to the outer one, and between it and the cent-eroi' the circle 5 itmay conveniently be divided-into two chambers, one of them being formedon each side of the easin g. This inner chamber, whether single-ordouble, is shaped in a similar manner to the outer chamber, one sidethereof `being circular, and the other side, as before, forming thecurve of a spiral; but the curve of this inner chamber is made to run inthe opposite direction to th at ofthe outer chamber, and the area ofthis inner chamber continually increases until it is at least equal tothe areaof the pipe in which it terminates, and of which it is acontinuation. I also apply my said invention, by the substitution of airin place of water, for the purpose of a rotary air-blower and rotaryventilator,

and for a compressed-air engine, for which purposes it possesses thesame advantages over the machines -now known vor in use for suchpurposes as already stated in the case of water.

I also make use of my invention for the purpose of transmitting motionand mechanical power through the medium of water by connecting mywater-engine by means of metallicpipes or dexible hose, at anyconvenient distance, with my pump, or any other suitable pump, so as totake the water suppl yin g my water engine or engines from the dischargeof the pump, and return the same water from my engine to the suction ofthe pump, thus abstracting the mechanical force imparted to the water bythe pump, and continuously utilizing the same water to convey themechanical force, and so to apply the same advantageously to perform therequired work at any convenient distance from the pump.

In the drawing, similar letters of reference indicate like parts.

. Letter a is the main shaft, as shown in' Figs. l, 2, 3, and 4, towhich-motion is imparted by means of a belt and pulley, or in any otherordinary or convenient manner, and which rotates a drum, b, rmly securedto it. This drum may either be constructed as shown in the drawing orformed by two sets of radial arms projecting from a collar formed on theshaft a, and having a periphery formed between them, preferably of theshape shown in Figs. 3, 5, 6, 9, and 10. To this drum or double wheel bare attached blades or vanes c horizontally of the section shown inFigs. 7 and 8, and vertically as in Fig. 1. It will be remembered thatthe pump is regarded as being placed vertically. Six of these vanes areshown in Fig. l attached to the drum b, but I do not limit myself tothis, as any number found most effective may be used. c is a perforationor opening in each vane, situated `as shown, and arranged so as to leaveenough space on either side to attach it securely to the drum. Theseapertures are not absolutely necessary, as there are some cases in whichthey may be advantageously omitted. The

vanes c are inclosed laterally by what is technically termed a sheath,77marked d, of which one side is formed by the periphery of the drum orwheel b. The sheath d is open at the top, thereby communicating with theouter chamber g, and is'also open at'the inner part of the sides, asshown at d', thereby communicating with the inner chambers e e, whichare preferably of the section shown in Fig. 4, and connecting with thetwo branch pipes where shown in Fig. 2, having at that point thegreatest area, and, gradually contracting therefrom around the circle,as shown, through the various stages in Figs. 5, 3, and 6, to the formshown by the dotted lines in Fig. 5, in which the outer side approachesas nearly as possible to the sheath d and inclosed vane c. The outerchamber gis arranged in the same manner, but inversely; it starts fromone point on the circumference of the machine, at

but a little distance from the outer edge of the vanes e, as shown inFigs. 1 and 5, and gradually increases that distance as it passes roundtill it becomes the full size of the pipe, and connects with it whereshown in Fig. 1. The whole casing will be preferably made in two parts,flanged and secured together in any ordinary way. h is a stop, formed ofany suitable metal, secured to the drum so as to give a rubbing j ointagainst the casin g, or vice versa, in order to prevent the water fromthe inner chambers or passages e overflowing the space between the drumb and the casing f and i, a stop of like nature secured to the sheath d,to give a rubbing joint against the casing, or vice versa, to preventthe passage of the water from the inner chambers e into the outer chamtber g without passing through the sheath 7 d and between the vanes o. lIn Fig. 10 is shown a form of vanes, sheath, and outer and innerchambers, which gene'- rally will be preferable to that shown in Figs. 5and 6 5 the same letters of reference denote the parts, and the dottedlines show the inner chambers e and outer chambers g at their leastarea, while the strong lines show them at the point where they arelargest.

It will be seen that in this no stops are needed, the casing f betweenthe two inner chambers e and the outer chamber g, following the shape ofthe sheath lso closely as to form a rubbing joint.

In this case the sides of the inner chambers, shaped to the spiralcurve, are formed in the side of the casing, and not by an extensionofthe periphery of the casing, as before shown in Figs. 5 and G.

Fig. 9 shows an arrangement with the inner chamber e, single; in thismodification the form of the vanes and sheath is somewhat altered, butotherwise the general arrangement is the same, the stro'ng lines showingthe greatest, and the dotted lines the least, area of each. i

When this part of my invention is used as a pump, the rising main ordischarge pipe is connected with the outer chamber, and the suction orsupply pipe, being divided into two branch pipes at any short distancefrom the pump, is connected to the two. inner chambers. When used as awater engine, on the contrary, the supplypipe is preferably connected tothe outer chamber, and the eduction ory discharge pipe to the two innerchambers; in this latter case, however, this arrangement may bereversed, and the engine will still be effective.

The particular form given tothe outer and inner chambers orpassages-namely, one side thereof shaping the curve of a spiral orhelix,

that precise form or shape, since it is obvious that the form of thosepassages might be made to deviate therefrom, and approach to a circularshape or the reverser-as, for iinstance,

making the helix partial, instead of extending round the wholecircumference, or omitramene s ting the spiral shape altogether, andarranging stops so as to guide the Water-Without destroying the utilityof the novel arrangement,of which they constitute an important part.

The operation of the invention when used as a pump will not differ inmanner from the usual rotary pumps, thel gain being in in- `creasedefficiency. The water will be drawn through the inner chambers e, andentering between the vanes c through the lateral openings d in thesheath cl, through the outer chamber g, and discharge-pipe to any pointrequired. When used as an engine the water entering the sheath from theouter chamber g will act on the vanes o and flow out through the innerchambers e.

A modification of my invention as applied for the purpose of awater-engine in the form of a water-Wheel is shown in Figs. 11,12, and13, in which 7c shows a trough supported in any convenient manner, suchas on piers or framing, 8vo., the inner side of the trough being formedby the inlet or supply pipe l brought in from above, and which, enteringthe trough at its full diameter, and forming its side on the innercircumference, gradually lessens, until, having passed round the wholeof the inner circumference, it comes into very close proximity with thewater-wheel. In like manner, but inversely, the discharge-pipe m formingthe outer side of the trough k, starting` close to the water-wheel,gradually increases in area, till at the point of exit it is of its fullsection, as shown in Fig. 13. The pipe m may be carried down with abend, as shown, or be simply a tangential discharge, the former beingperhaps the most desirable. The water- Wheel n is preferably rectangularin section, with buckets77 o formed in it, of the shape shown but itmust be clearly understood that I do not confine myself to thisparticular form of bucket, as it may require -to be modified to suitcircumstances. The number of these buckets and their area will beadjusted with reference to the area of the supply-pipe. To the top ofthe wheel a are attached standards p, t-tin g into and secured to eyes qat the ends of radial arms 1", projecting from a collar, s, on the shafta, the lower end of which is stepped into a support, in any usualmanner.

The operation of this wheel is very simple. The water, led through thesupply-pipe l tangentially to the wheel, enters the buckets o in thedirection shown by the arrows, passing through them and out into thedischargepipe m, from the revolution of the Wheel in a straight line atright angles to the direction of motion of the Wheel, thus rotating,and, by means of the standards p and arms r, imparting motion to theshaft a.

Having thus described the construction and operation of my invention, towhich I have given the name of Harriss tangential pump and engine,77what I claim is as follows:

1. The combination of the drum or Wheel b, sheath d with apertures d andvanes c, in combination with .casing f, inner chamber or chambers e, andouter chamber g, and with shaft a, substantially as and for the purposesset forth.

2. The sheath d, in combination with .the inner chamber or chambers eand outer chamber g, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. The sheath d, in combination with the drum b and inclosing alternateclosed spaces and channels between inner chambers e and outer chamber g.l

4f. The wheel a with buckets o, in combination with trough 7c, inner orsupply pipe l, and outer or discharge pipe m, and in combination withstandards p, radial arms o', and shaft a, substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

5. The trough k with inner or supply pipe l and outer or discharge pipem, substantially as set forth.

6. The novel combination of the rotary pump and water-engine, for thetransmission of power, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

7 The combination of the periphery of the drum b andsheath d, forming achamber, silbstantially as set forth.

8. The inner chamber or chambers answering generally to suction-pipes e,in combination with sheath d and opening d', substantially as and forthe purpose set forth.

9. The outer tangential chamber g, in combination with chamber formedlby periphery of drum b, and sheath d, and inner chamber e,substantially as and foil the purpose set forth.

Montreal, 28th day of May, A. D. 1872.

JOHN HARRIS.

Witnesses:

Fans. Hr. REYNOLDS, ARTHUR R. KELLOND.

